> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://hosted-by.gitbook.io/eurorack-synthesizers-for-dummies/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://hosted-by.gitbook.io/eurorack-synthesizers-for-dummies/a-deep-dive-into-the-modular-madness/2-2-technical-specifications-of-eurorack-synthesizers.md).

# Technical Specifications of Eurorack Synthesizers

## Technical Specification of Eurorack Synthesizers

Eurorack synthesizers follow a set of technical standards to ensure compatibility between modules from different manufacturers. Below are the general technical requirements:

### Physical Dimensions

* **Panel Height:** 3U (128.5 mm)
* **Panel Width:** Measured in HP (horizontal pitch), where 1 HP = 5.08 mm
* **Module Depth:** Typically ranges from 20 mm to 60 mm, but can vary

### Power Requirements

* **Power Connector:** 10- or 16-pin ribbon cable (IDC)
* **Standard Power Rails:**
  * **+12V** (main positive rail)
  * **-12V** (main negative rail)
  * **+5V** (optional, not all systems provide this)
* **Typical Current Draw:**
  * Varies per module; always check manufacturer specs
  * Most cases provide several hundred mA to a few amps per rail
* **Polarity:** Ribbon cables are keyed, but always double-check orientation to avoid damage

### Signal Standards

* **Audio Signals:** Typically ±5V peak-to-peak
* **Control Voltage (CV):** Usually 0V to +5V or 0V to +10V, but some modules use bipolar signals (±5V)
* **Gate/Trigger:** Standard is +5V, but some modules accept up to +10V

### Patch Cables

* **Type:** 3.5 mm (1/8") TS mono mini-jack cables

### Mounting

* **Screws:** M3 or M2.5, depending on the case rails
* **Spacing:** Modules are mounted side-by-side on rails, with no gaps

### Important Notes

* Always check the power requirements of each module before installation.
* Never exceed the total current rating of your power supply.
* Use proper cable management to avoid accidental disconnections or shorts.

These standards ensure that Eurorack modules from different manufacturers can be safely and reliably combined in a single system.